Re: Mayas zum Zweiten - Chilam Balam Bücher

Geschrieben von mica am 19. Dezember 2009 16:36:16:

Als Antwort auf: Mayas zum Zweiten geschrieben von detlef am 17. Dezember 2009 03:57:57:


Hallo Forum,

zur Ergänzung noch der Hinweis auf die Chilam Balam Bücher, die eine DER Quellen für die Kalender-Angaben sind, soweit ich verstand.

Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel and the Codex Perez and the Book of Chilam Balam of Mani
[http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/maya/cbc/index.htm]

Das Chilam Balam Buch von Chumayel datiert von 1782, hat aber eine Sprache die eher auf das 17.Jhdt schließen läßt; durch viele Autodafés (Bücherverbrennungen) wurden die ursprünglichen buntbemalten Rinden-Tafeln zerstört; nichts desto trotz hat sich vieles an Überlieferung erhalten. Der Prophet Balam, nach dem die Bücher benannt sind lebte Ende des 15.Jhdts.
In ihren Versammlungen hielten die Maya "Lesungen" aus den heiligen Büchern, die teils - unter Trommelbegleitung - gechantet wurden, die Heiligen/Götter dargestellt wurden (Beschreibung eines Reisenden aus Ende 17.Jhdt).

und ein Auszug aus einer Interpretation über das/den derzeitige und kommende Katun:

And what of the present katun, katun 4-Ahau? According to the Maya inscriptions, the katun began on 4/6/1993 and ends with the entire Long Count/creation epoch on 12/21/2012. Following the prophecy scheme of the cycle of the 13 katuns listed above, we could expect scarcities and the arrival of great leaders. It is also the katun of "remembering knowledge and writing it down." It does appear that in the past this katun coincided with a questionable measure of stability in the world and also significant advances in the written word. For example, katun 4-Ahau lasted from 1224 to 1244. During this time Frederick II took Jerusalem, but he took it diplomatically. The next time this katun came up was between 1480 and 1500. Clearly, this was a period of great voyages and discoveries -- but things were also relatively stable politically which made exploration possible. This period also marks an important period of growth in printing. Katun 4-Ahau came up next between 1736 and 1756. Interestingly, it was during this period that the first encyclopedia was published. The War of the Austrian Succession 1740-1748 did bring a settlement of territories and a measure of stability, and there were a number of alliances formed during this time as well. Power kept shifting, but did not erupt in an all-out way. Such may actually be the case from 1993 to 2012.

Finally, the present Long Count/creation epoch of the Maya comes to an end on December 21st (the winter solstice), of 2012. What will the katun that begins this new era be like? The Maya regarded katun 2-Ahau as half good and half bad, a time of uniting for a cause, but also as the katun during which came the "end of the word of God." And what does that mean? It is true that in previous 2-Ahau katuns there were great religious or ideological crises. Between 1500 and 1520 the Aztecs were conquered and forced to convert to Christianity. Also in 1517 Martin Luthor started the Protestant Reformation. 256 years later, between 1756 and 1776, the ideas of liberty and the rights of countries and individuals became a growing trend and this led to the American colonies declaring independence from England. One could say that a new era was indeed dawning, although it took a few more katuns before it could stand on its own two feet. Quite possibly some of our most taken-for-granted beliefs, secular and religious, will begin to lose cohesiveness and credibility after 2012, paving the way for a genuinely new age. If the Maya were right, then don't hold your breath for the mere millennium, the year 2000, hang on for the real changes that should begin twelve years later in 2012 and culminate with katun 13-Ahau which starts in 2032.

Like a biorhythm, which is the perfect form of a natural, though usually numerically inexact cycle, the katun allowed the Maya to better organize their life and to predict the future. Like a fractal wave, the Maya saw history as repeating itself on differing scales. With this knowledge they timed their rituals and gave meaning to human life. Perhaps we can use a few of their ideas.

Die Interpretation oben, in der neuzeitliche Abschnitte mit mittelalterlichen abgelichen werden ist wohl sehr frei.

Wir Neuzeit-Menschen haben wohl das Bedürfnis alles "auf die Reihe bringen" zu wollen; ich glaube, den Mayas war diese Denken fremd. alleine der Kalender in seinem schwer verständlichen zyklischen Aufbau widerspricht dem (unserem) linearen Denken. Wie sollen wir etwas begreifen, das zyklisch, dem pulsierenden Leben nachempfunden ist, wenn wir nach "harten Fakten", "pinpoints" verlangen?
Es lassen sich eben nur Tendenzen erkennen...


Hier aus Chilam Balam(engl. Version), Katun Prophecies:
Katun bis 2012
"The katun is established at Maylu, Zaci, Mayapan 1 in Katun 2 Ahau. The katun is on its own base. The rope shall descend; the poison of the serpent shall descend, pestilence three piles of skulls. The men are of little use. 2 Then the burden was bound on Buluc-chabtan. 3 a dry wind. The ramon 4 is the bread of 2 Ahau. It shall be half famine and half abundance. This is the charge of Katun 2 Ahau."

In der Fußnote wird die Frucht des "ramon" (Brotnussbaumes) als Ersatz für Mais beschrieben, in Zeiten von Missernte.
"three piles of sculls" wird als Sinnbild für die Drei-Klassen-Gesellschaft gesehen; also es wird alle, egal welchen Standes erwischen.

Das also zu der Zeit bis 2012.


Katun ab 2012:

The Katun is established at Kinchil Coba, 5 Maya Cuzamil, 6 in Katun 13 Ahau. Itzamna, Itzam-tzab, 7 is his face during its reign. The ramon shall be eaten. Three years shall be locust years, ten generations . The fan shall be displayed; the bouquet shall be displayed, 8 borne by Yaxaal Chac in the heavens. Unattainable is the bread of the katun in 13 Ahau. The sun shall be /
p. 74 C
eclipsed. Double is the charge of the katun: men without offspring, chiefs without successors. 9 For five days the sun shall be eclipsed, then it shall be seen . 10 This is the charge of Katun 13 Ahau.

Die Notnahrung ist wichtig, drei Jahre Missernten durch Heuschrecken(oder was auch immer?), zehn Generationen an Heuschrecken....

..... die Sonne verfinstert sich, doppelt ist die Bürde des Katun: Geschlechter bleiben ohne Nachkommen, Anführer bleiben ohne Nachfolger; für fünf Tage verfinstert sich die Sonne, dann wird sie wieder gesehen.
Was es mit "fan" und "bouquet" in diesem Zusammenhang auf sich hat, kann ich jetzt nicht sagen.

Auf jeden Fall unruhige Zeiten die sich nicht festnageln lassen auf einen Zeitpunkt!

Gruß
mica


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